Protecting personal data has never been more important than it is today. With the increasing digitalization of companies and the increase in online transactions, episodes of leaks of sensitive information are becoming more frequent. One of the most alarming cases in Brazil occurred in 2021, when the data of 223 million people was exposed on the internet. This article analyzes the details of this case and shows how the LGPD (General Data Protection Law) works to protect consumers and penalize companies that fail to comply with their obligations.

Understand the Case of the Largest Data Leak in Brazil

In January 2021, personal information of millions of Brazilians was made available for sale on dark web forums. The leak included data such as:

• Full names
• CPF and CNPJ
• Residential addresses
• Phone numbers
• INSS income and benefit data

The incident was so serious that even deceased people had their data compromised, which increased the number of exposed records.

How Did This Happen?

While the exact source of the leak remains unclear, experts say it may have been the result of security flaws in government databases and corporate systems. A lack of encryption and adequate protection measures contributed to the system’s vulnerability.

Consequences for Citizens and Businesses

For Citizens:

The impacts of this leak are extremely worrying:

1. Risk of Fraud and Financial Scams: With data such as CPF and address, scammers can open fraudulent bank accounts or make undue purchases.
2. Exposure to Invasion of Privacy: Sensitive personal data was made available to criminals, putting millions of Brazilians at risk.
3. Insecurity and Anxiety: Many consumers reported fear of having their data used inappropriately.

For Business and Government:

This case highlighted the need for greater care with stored data, resulting in:

• Fines and Investigations: Companies involved may be penalized as provided for in the LGPD, with fines reaching R$50 million per violation.
• Strengthening Oversight: The National Data Protection Authority (ANPD) has stepped up efforts to ensure that companies adopt good practices.

How does the LGPD Protect Personal Data?

The LGPD was created to protect consumers against the misuse of their information. It establishes that:

• Companies need to implement adequate security measures to prevent leaks.
• Leaks must be reported to the ANPD and victims, with clear actions to mitigate the damage.
• Companies can be held civilly and financially liable for carelessness in data processing.

Tips for Protecting Your Personal Data

In addition to companies’ obligations, consumers can also take steps to protect their information:

1. Be wary of suspicious emails and links: Always check the source before clicking.
2. Use Strong, Unique Passwords: Avoid obvious combinations and change your passwords periodically.
3. Monitor Your Information: Consult websites such as Serasa to identify inappropriate movements.

The Role of Companies in Data Protection

Complying with the LGPD is not just a matter of avoiding fines, but also of building trust with consumers. Companies that invest in privacy and data protection policies stand out in the market, strengthening their reputation and promoting safer relationships.

The leak of 223 million data in Brazil serves as a warning about the importance of protecting personal data. The LGPD represents an essential regulatory framework to prevent new episodes like this, but its effectiveness depends on the commitment of companies and citizens.

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This material was produced by the Data Protection team at Luchesi Advogados and does not intend to exhaust the topic, but to invite everyone to debate and exchange experiences on the subject.